Mister Guru

efore doing the exercises below, you may want to review what we have learned about comparisons in "Degrees of Comparison: Positive, Comparative, Superlative, dan Parallel Increase". As a reminder, here is how to compare things using adjectives.

A. Using Positive Degree:

To show that two things or people are similar in some way, we can use "as + adjective + as". Example sentences:

• The tiger is as dangerous as the lion.
• For me, the rose is as beautiful as the sunflower.

B. Using Comparative degree:

To compare two things which are not similar, we can use "comparative adjectives + than". Comparatives can be "adjective + er + than" or "more + adjective + than". To learn more about comparative adjectives, read THIS.

• Apples are smaller than coconuts.
• This motorcycle is more expensive than that one.

C. Using Superlative degree:

To compare three or more things, one of which is superior or inferior to the others, we use a "the superlative". The superlative can be formed with "the + adjective + est" or "the most + adjective".

• John is the tallest boy in his class.
• The rose is the most beautiful flower in my garden.

I. Write the comparative of the adjectives below.

Example:

big: bigger.

1. pretty: ....
2. interesting: ....
3. strong: ....
4. serious: ....
5. happy: ....
6. good: ....
7. bad: ....
8. delicious: ....
9. loud: ....
10. heavy: ....

II. Multiple choice quiz.

III. Look at the pictures below and complete each sentence using the given adjectives.

1. A is ...(big)... B.
2. A is ...(big)... C.
3. C is ...(small)... A.
4. C is ...(small)... box.
5. C is not ...(big)... B.
6. B is ...(big)... than C.

7. The red motorcycle is ...(fast)... the green one.
8. The blue motorcycle is ...(slow)... the yellow one.
9. The blue motorcycle is ...(fast)... the red one.
10. The yellow motorcycle is ...(fast)... of all.
11. The blue motorcycle is not ...(fast)... the yellow one.
12. The green motorcycle is much ...(slow)... the yellow one.
13. The green motorcycle is ...(slow)... of all.
14. The yellow motorcycle is much ...(fast)... the green one.
15. The green motorcycle is ...(fast)... the yellow one.

III. Complete each of the below sentences using a comparative.

Example:

Her car isn't very big. She wants a bigger one.

Her car is old. She wants a newer one.

1. My job isn't very interesting. I want to do something ....
2. He is not very tall. His brother is ....
3. My car is old. I want to buy a ... one.
4. These flowers aren't very nice. The blue ones are ....
5. My chair is not comfortable. Yours is ....
6. This car is too expensive. I want to buy a ... one.
7. The food here isn't very good. I know a place that serves ... food.
8. Tom doesn't work very hard. Jim works ....
9. This knife isn't very sharp. Have you got a ... one?
10. Our team didn't play well. The opponent played ....
11. This beach isn't very beautiful. Mandalika beach is ....
12. People today aren't very polite. In the past they were ....
13. This table is too big. Let's find a ... one.
14. Lombok is too far. I think we'll visit a ... place.
15. The exercise is too difficult for them. They need something ....

_{Prev: BSE SMK/MAK XII 62711 753PM PV5098}

alam berkomunikasi menggunakan bahasa Inggris, seringkali kita harus menggunakan kalimat berisi "degrees of comparison". Apakah "degrees of comparison" itu? "Degrees of comparison" adalah kalimat bermakna perbandingan (comparison) ketika kita membandingkan suatu benda, orang, maupun aktifitas dengan yang lainnya. Fungsi kalimat perbandingan atau "comparison" adalah untuk mencari kesamaan atau perbedaan dalam hal kualitas, tingkatan, jumlah, atau perkiraan. Bentuk perbandingan (comparison) adalah poin yang selalu diujikan dalam tes-tes bahasa Inggris seperti Ujian Nasional, TOEFL, dan TOEIC.

Bentuk-bentuk Comparison

Ada 3 (tiga) bentuk comparison dalam bahasa Inggris, yaitu positive/equivalence, comparative, dan superlative. Bentuk-bentuk kata sifat (adjective) dan kata keterangan (adverb) yang beraturan dalam kalimat comparative dan superlative adalah sebagai berikut:

1. Kata-kata bersuku kata tunggal diberi akhiran "–er" dan "–est".

Positive	Comparative	Superlative
new old big soon late	newer older bigger sooner later	newest oldest biggest soonest latest

2. Kata-kata dengan dua atau lebih suku kata didahului oleh "more" dan "most".

Positive	Comparative	Superlative
interesting convenient beautiful easily carefully	more interesting more convenient more beautiful more easily more carefully	most interesting most convenient most beautiful most easily most carefully

3. Kata-kata dengan dua suku kata dan berakhir dengan "–y" atau "–ly", "-ow", "-le" dan "–er" diberi akhiran "–er" dan "–est".

Positive	Comparative	Superlative
tiny speedy early friendly shallow narrow clever	tinier speedier earlier friendlier shallower narrower cleverer	tiniest speediest earliest friendliest shallowest narrowest cleverest

4. Kata-kata lainnya dengan dua suku kata kebanyakan diawali dengan "more" dan "most".

Positive	Comparative	Superlative
careful careless boring awful complex	more careful more careless more boring more awful more complex	most careful most careless most boring most awful most complex

5. Beberapa kata dengan dua suku kata bisa berakhiran "-er", "-est" atau di dahului "more", "most".

Positive	Comparative	Superlative
common gentle quiet	commoner/more common gentler/more gentle quieter/more quiet	commonest/most common gentlest/most gentle quietest/most quiet

6. Kata keterangan (adverb) berakhiran –ly didahului oleh "more" dan "most".

Positive	Comparative	Superlative
quickly slowly badly	more quickly more slowly more badly	most quickly most slowly most badly

7. Beberapa kata sifat (adjective) dan kata keterangan (adverb) memiliki bentuk comparative dan superlative tidak beraturan (irregular).

Positive	Comparative	Superlative
bad far good many badly far little much well	worse farther/further better more worse farther/further less more better	worst farthest/furthest best most worst farthest/furthest least most best

Penggunaan Bentuk Perbandingan (Comparison)

Bentuk perbandingan atau comparisons digunakan untuk mengungkapkan kesetaraan atau equivalence (positive), Ketidak-setaraan atau non-equivalence (comparative), tingkatan tertinggi atau the highest degree of something (superlative), dan peningkatan secara paralel atau parallel increase.

1. Equivalence atau positive:
   Bentuk perbandingan positive digunakan untuk mengungkapkan atau menggambarkan kesetaraan, atau tingkatan yang sama atau serupa dalam hal kualitas, tingkatan, jumlah, atau perkiraan antara dua benda atau orang.
   Contoh:
   1. Here, the term ‘processor’ is equivalent to the central processing unit.
   2. Fatin has become as famous as Agnes Monica.
   3. Some companies have as many computers as employees.
   4. Some companies use both computers and conventional filing systems for storing data.
   5. A computer virus is like a virus in the human body. It can do a lot of damage.
   6. Many chat engine softwares are similar in that they share certain common functions.


2. Non-equivalence atau Comparative:
   Bentuk comparative digunakan untuk membandingkan atau menggambarkan ketidak-samaan dalam hal kualitas, tingkatan, jumlah, atau perkiraan antara dua benda atau orang.
   Contoh:
   1. American cars are usually larger and more expensive than Japanese cars.
   2. Learning to use a computer is not as difficult as learning to program.
   3. Riding a motorcycle is not the same as driving a car.
   4. A notebook costs less than a lap top.
   5. Unlike factory-sealed software, pirated versions may contain viruses.
   6. You can save money with a network because you will need fewer printers.


3. The highest degree atau superlative:
   Bentuk superlative digunakan untuk membandingkan suatu benda atau seseorang yang memiliki kualitas, tingkatan, jumlah, atau perkiraan tertinggi atau terendah dengan sekelompok benda atau orang lainnya.
   Contoh:
   1. This is the most popular type on the market today.
   2. For me, English is the least difficult language to learn.
   3. The best programs are those adapted specifically to your own needs.


4. Parallel increase:
   Bentuk parallel increase adalah dua bentuk comparative yang digunakan untuk mengungkapkan atau menggambarkan dua perubahan kualitas, tingkatan, jumlah, atau perkiraan yang terjadi secara paralel.
   Contoh:
   1. The more memory your computer has, the more data it can store.
   2. The bigger your computer system, the less time you spend waiting.
   3. The more training you give to your employees, the better they will perform.