Mister Guru

Jim:	Betty, something interesting happened this afternoon.
Betty:	This is such an interesting article in the paper, Jim.
Jim:	Now, Betty! There's something I want to tell you.
Betty:	Jim! You know I don't like being disturbed while I'm reading the paper.
Jim:	But Betty, Hadi has invited us to a party at the University!
Betty:	At the University! Why didn't you tell me?
Jim:	I've been trying to tell you, but you didn't want to be disturbed.
Betty:	Well, I want to be told all about it. Who invited us?
Jim:	Hadi phoned me this afternoon and invited us.
Betty:	What sort of party will it be?
Jim:	Hadi's professor is giving a farewell party for him. The professor told him that some of his best friends could be invited too.
Betty:	And Hadi thought of us! I'm very happy to be invited to the party. and I'm very proud of being included among Hadi's best friends!
Jim:	Well, I hope to be introduced to Hadi's professor. I've heard so much about him.
Betty:	Jim! What shall I wear?
Jim:	Oh, you have plenty of beautiful clothes. Of course, my best suit should be dry cleaned.
Betty:	Jim, your best suit needn't be dry cleaned. It looks quite all right. But I'll need a new dress for the party. I wouldn't like to be seen at the party in an old dress.
Jim:	Well, I know you like being invited to parties, and I know you enjoy being admired when you're wearing new clothes, but the expense must be thought of!
Betty:	Oh, the money for a new dress could be saved if you gave up smoking for a few weeks!
Jim:	Now, Betty, let's be sensible. You have that wonderful blue dress that you wore to Nancy's party. Hadi and Yati weren't at that party, so they haven't seen it yet. Nobody at Hadi's party will have seen that dress, so you'll be able to wear that.
Betty:	I suppose you're right, Jim. But I'll need a new bag - and some new shoes!

Answer the following questions.

1. What do the speakers mainly talk about?
2. Where does the conversation most probably take place?
3. What is Betty doing?
4. What does Jim want to tell Betty?
5. Who will hold the party?
6. How does Betty feel to be invited?
7. What dress does Betty want to wear?
8. Does Jim agree with Betty? Why?
9. What does Jim think about his best suit?
10. Does Betty agree with Jim? Why?
11. What does Betty want at last?
12. Please copy all the passive voice sentences in the dialogue. You can refer to How to Change an Active Sentence to the Passive Voice.

^{BSESMKCls XII 070411 0928 PM 2380}

oth - and, Either - or, dan Neither - nor dalam bahasa Inggris adalah merupakan kata sambung berpasangan yang disebut "Paired Conjunction". Fungsinya adalah untuk menggabungkan dua kata benda, kata kerja, kata sifat, maupun kata keterangan demi efisiensi kalimat. Yang harus selalu diingat dalam penggabungan ini adalah struktur yang paralel, atau setingkat, misal kata benda harus digabungkan dengan kata benda, bukan dengan jenis kata lainnya. Selanjutnya, mari kita lihat penjelasan di bawah ini.

1. Both ... and

Both ... and ...memiliki makna 'one and the other' (kedua-duanya, baik yang ini maupun yang itu). Jika posisinya adalah subyek, both ... and ... membutuhkan kata kerja plural (jamak). Contoh:Both ... and ... bisa digunakan untuk memberi penekanan pada 2 (dua) kombinasi kata sifat (adjective), kata benda (noun), atau kata kerja (verb). Contoh:Tambahan:
Ada beberapa macam penggunaan both selain yang telah disebutkan di atas:

• Both bisa berdiri sendiri atau diikuti oleh kata benda (noun)
• Both bisa diikuti (of) + the/these/those atau possessives
• Both bisa diikuti of + us/you/them
• A personal pronoun + both is also possible

Contoh:

2. Either ... or

'Either ... or' digunakan dalam kalimat bermakna positif, yang berarti "one or the other, this or that, he or she" (salah satu dari dua, yang ini atau yang itu). Jika posisinya adalah subyek, kata kerja (verb) yang dibutuhkan bergantung pada subyek yang ada tepat di depan kata kerja. Contoh:Tambahan:
"Either" bisa berdiri sendiri maupun digunakan bersama kata benda (noun/pronoun), atau dengan "of + the/these/those". Dalam struktur demikian, either membutuhkan kata kerja tunggal (singular). Contoh:

3. Neither ... nor

'Neither ... nor' digunakan dengan kata kerja berbentuk positif, namun menjadikan kalimat bermakna negatif, yang berarti "not this one nor the other, not this nor that, not he nor she"" (bukan/tidak yang ini maupun yang itu, tidak kedua-duanya). Jika posisinya adalah subyek, kata kerja (verb) yang dibutuhkan bergantung pada subyek yang ada tepat di depan kata kerja. Contoh:Tambahan:
"Neither" bisa berdiri sendiri maupun digunakan bersama kata benda (noun/pronoun), atau dengan "of + the/these/those". Dalam struktur demikian, neither membutuhkan kata kerja tunggal (singular). Contoh:

4. Persamaan "Not either ... or" dengan "Neither ... nor"

"Not either ... or" bermakna sama dan bisa menggantikan "neither ... nor", kecuali jika sebagai subyek kalimat. Contoh:

Lengkapilah kalimat-kalimat berikut ini dengan "Both ... and", "Either ... or", atau "Neither ... nor".

1. We really had a great time at the beach. The weather was ... warm ... sunny.
2. Our holiday was ruined. Almost all of the time, the weather was ... clear ... sunny.
3. We have to find another room because this room isn't ... large ... bright.
4. Experts are now working hard to find a cure for COVID-19. They are testing ... anti-viral medications ... vaccines.
5. ... the government ... the people were prepared for COVID-19 outbreak.
6. We don't know why he was absent yesterday. He didn't ... call ... send a message.
7. Choose whichever you like. You can have ... fried chicken ... fried duck.
8. I think you should help them. They need ... your help ... your advice.
9. I can't move ... this box ... that one by myself. They are too heavy.
10. The classroom is very dirty. ... the floor ... the tables have been cleaned for the whole week.
11. It's urgent. We need your immediate confirmation ... by email ... by fax.
12. To help stop the spread of germs, when you cough cover your mouth with ... a tissue ... your upper sleeve, not your hands.
13. She isn't at the office right now. She must be ... having lunch ... attending a meeting on the second floor.
14. ... Wina ... Vita showed up at the party. They said they had a very important meeting at their office.
15. He is a good teacher. ... his explanation ... his examples are clear and easy to understand.

^{BSESD-Cls 1 080810 0145 PM 655}

n many parts of the world, Coronavirus lockdown means all factories, markets, schools, and other public places are closed. On the other hand, lockdown means our beloved mother earth is healing itself.

As most of the public transports and industries are suspended, many cities in the world have recorded much lower levels of air pollution caused by vehicles and power plants. Lower air pollution means much to us and our planet. How is that so?

Learn more by watching this VOA's video, and test your understanding by answering the questions in the quiz below.

More quizzes here:

^{Video source: https://www.voanews.com/media/1977801/
Picture source: https://www.netclipart.com/pp/m/23-236444_changing-to-night-clipart-perched-climate-change-clip.png
082010 0609 PM 200}

ear English learners and students.

Have you ever heard the word "Social Distancing"? With this Covid-19 going around, the word "Social Distancing" is becoming more and more popular and I bet you have heard about it, too. Social distancing is exactly what the government has strongly urged us to do to slow down and even cut the spread of Covid-19. Schools, offices, shopping centers, and all other public places are closed and we are advised to stay at home.

To find out more about "Social Distancing", let's check out this video, and then test your understanding and your English vocabulary power by doing the quiz below. Let's see what score you can hit. Good luck.

^{English Olympiad for Intermediate 112312 1002PM 444}

Choose the best answer to each question.

1. Hana: Why should we eat nutritious food, Mom?
   Mother: Because our body needs it. it can make us ....
   1. sick
   2. tall
   3. fat
   4. healthy
2. Ria: Look at these keyholders! ..., the yellow or the red one?
   Lisa: Well, I like the red one.
   1. What do you like
   2. Which do you like
   3. What color is it
   4. Do you like the color
3. Shopkeeper: ...?
   Customer: Yes, I would like to buy a loaf of bread and a jar of jam.
   1. Hi, nice to meet you here.
   2. Thank you for shopping.
   3. How can I help you?
   4. Which one do you want?
4. Maya : Nice to meet you, Viko.
   Viko : ..., Maya.
   1. Yes, my name is Viko
   2. I want to meet you
   3. You’re nice too
   4. Nice to meet you too
5. We hold things with our ....
   1. legs
   2. arms
   3. elbows
   4. hands
6. Jaka: Look. The woman is helping the man cross the road.
   Tami: Yes, he can’t see. He is ....
   1. deaf
   2. bright
   3. dark
   4. blind
7. We smell things with our ....
   1. arms
   2. tongue
   3. ears
   4. nose
8. Jana : ... is the black jacket?
   Rio : It belongs to my father.
   1. Whose
   2. What
   3. What color
   4. Which
9. Uvi: How do you spell “desk”?
   Lea: ....
   1. di – i – es – kei
   2. di – i – si: – kei
   3. di – ei – es – kei
   4. di – ai – es – kei
10. We can taste food because we have ....
    1. a nose
    2. lips
    3. a tongue
    4. teeth
11. Susan: Where ... you from, Randi?
    Randi: I am from Mataram, Lombok.
    1. is
    2. are
    3. were
    4. do
12. We hear things with our ....
    1. ears
    2. hands
    3. eyes
    4. nose
13. Widya: Where were you born, Linda?
    Linda: I ... born in Surabaya.
    1. am
    2. was
    3. is
    4. do
14. Raka: How do you do?
    Irma: ....
    1. Yes, I am fine
    2. What about you?
    3. How do you do?
    4. Yes, thank you.

The text below is for questions 15 to 21.

Uncle Tomi is my father’s younger brother. He is about 40 years old. He has black straight hair. He is tall. He has black eyes and a sharp nose.

Uncle Tomi is a famous doctor in our town. He works at the local hospital. He helps sick people. He is very kind.

He is very fond of fish. He has a big aquarium with a lot of beautiful fish. He takes good care of them and feeds them every day. He always makes sure the aquarium is clean and healthy for the fish.

15. What is the text about?
    1. The writer's pet.
    2. The writer's uncle.
    3. The writer's hobby.
    4. The local hospital.
16. Who is Uncle Tomi?
    1. Bila's father.
    2. Salsa's uncle.
    3. My mother's brother.
    4. Aunt Andini's neighbor
17. Which paragraph talks about Uncle Tomi’s job?
    1. 1
    2. 2
    3. 3
    4. 1 and 2
18. How many children does Uncle Tomi have?
    1. One
    2. Two
    3. Three
    4. Four
19. Which sentence is TRUE according to the above text?
    1. Salsa’s uncle is a doctor.
    2. Uncle Tomi likes vegetables.
    3. Uncle Tomi seldom eats vegetables.
    4. My uncle lives near a big hospital.
20. “He is a famous doctor in the city.” (paragraph 2)
    The synonym of the underlined word is ....
    1. the best
    2. clever
    3. kind
    4. well-known
21. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the above text?
    1. Uncle Tomi's education
    2. Uncle Tomi's hobby
    3. Uncle Tomi's appearance
    4. Uncle Tomi's profession

---

my	practice	with	I	Friday	friends	afternoon	dancing	on	usually
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10

22. The best order to make a good sentence is ....
    1. 4 - 2 - 8 - 10 - 3 - 1 - 6 - 9 - 5 - 7
    2. 4 - 10 - 2 - 8 - 3 - 1 - 6 - 9 - 5 - 7
    3. 4 - 2 - 8 - 9 - 5 - 7 - 10 - 3 - 1 - 6
    4. 1 - 6 - 3 - 4 - 10 - 2 - 8 - 9 - 5 - 7
23. Eka: Mom, I want vegetables for lunch.
    Mom: All right, dear. Let's go to the ....
    1. baker's
    2. butcher's
    3. grocer's
    4. fishmonger's

The text below is for questions number 24 to 29.

My name is Rosalia. I am happy because my semester holiday is going to start tomorrow.

I feel especially happy because my parents are going to take me and my brother to the beach this weekend. They know that both of us love to play on the sand.

I'm sure that we will have fun at the beach. Andika, my brother, will probably fly a kite or play with my father. Both of them like playing football on the sand. My mother and I will not play with them because neither of us like playing kites or football. My mother and I will do the thing we like most when we are at the beach, - building sand castles!

That’s it. We are going to have much fun this weekend. And I can’t wait until the weekend comes! What about you? What are you going to do on your holiday?

24. The above text is mainly about ....
    1. The writer's hobby
    2. The writer's family
    3. The writer's last holiday
    4. Rosalia's plan for the holiday
25. Why does she feel happy?
    1. Because her parents love to play on the sand.
    2. She doesn't like playing football.
    3. Because her parents will take her to the beach.
    4. Because her parents will play football with her.
26. What can we conclude about Rosalia and her brother?
    1. Both of them study at the same school.
    2. They like different activities at the beach.
    3. They share the same hobbies with their parents.
    4. Both of them are about the same age.
27. Paragraph 3 (three) talks about ....
    1. their activities at the beach
    2. the beautiful sandy beach
    3. Andika's activities with his father
    4. how they will go to the beach
28. According to the text, which of the following is TRUE?
    1. They go to the beach every weekend.
    2. Rosalia's holiday will start next week.
    3. They will go to the beach in the afternoon.
    4. Rosalia and her mother don't like football.
29. "They know that both of us love to play on the sand." (paragraph 2)
    The underlined words refer to ....
    1. Rosalia and her brother
    2. Rosalia and her mother
    3. Both Rosalia's parents
    4. Rosalia's brother

Complete the text below for questions number 30 to 33.

Tina is my sister. She is a great cook. Her favorite hobby is ...(30).... She spends most of ...(31).... spare time in the kitchen. She always looks for new recipes and ...(32)... to practice them. I love it ...(33)... she usually asks me to taste her delicious cakes and cookies.

30. [...]
    1. cook
    2. cooks
    3. to cook
    4. cooking
31. [...]
    1. her
    2. his
    3. hers
    4. she
32. [...]
    1. try
    2. is trying
    3. tries
    4. to try
33. [...]
    1. but
    2. because
    3. so
    4. and
34. Click here if the picture doesn't appear
    
    Tania: Look at that sign! What does it mean, Dad?
    Mr. Zain: Oh, it is a warning for ....
    1. a steep road
    2. bad road condition
    3. drunk drivers
    4. a slippery road
35. Fani: What is your favorite fruit?
    Laila: Mangoes. but I don't like unripe ones.
    Fani: Why?
    Laila: Because they feel ....
    1. sour
    2. expensive
    3. sweet
    4. small

^{BSE SMK Kelas XI 061411 9:31 PM 2903}

ear, English learners and students.
Staying at home due to this Corona virus outbreak doesn't mean you stop learning. Here's a quiz containing a video material about Corona virus or Covid-19. With this quiz, you can test your English vocabulary and comprehension skill as well as knowledge about Corona virus (Covid-19). Watch the following video carefully and then answer the questions in the exercise below. If you'd like to know your score, do it in one of Google form links at the bottom of this test.

---

I. Comprehension Questions

Test your knowledge about Corona virus based on the above video

1. What is the video mainly about?
   1. The symptoms of Corona virus disease
   2. How Corona virus is transmitted
   3. The causes of Corona virus outbreak
   4. Corona virus fevers and cures
2. According to the video, what are the main symptoms of Corona virus?
   1. Fever and phlegmy cough
   2. Loss of the senses of smell and taste
   3. Common cold and cough
   4. Dry cough and fever
3. Which of the following is NOT explained in the video?
   1. The characteristics of dry cough caused by Corona virus
   2. The difference of common cold and Corona virus symptoms
   3. Treatment for breathing problems caused by Corona virus
   4. What one should do when having Corona virus symptoms
4. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of cough caused by Corona virus?
   1. Phlegm free cough
   2. Continuous cough
   3. Cough with no mucus
   4. Cough with phlegm
5. Which is NOT true about the cough caused by Corona virus?
   1. It may cause respiratory or breathing problems.
   2. The continuous cough can last more than an hour.
   3. It is accompanied with inability to smell and taste.
   4. There is no phlegm or mucus when coughing.
6. What does the video say about the loss of senses of smell and taste due to Corona virus?
   1. It is not supported by scientific studies yet.
   2. Some scientists are still carrying out a study.
   3. Some people have studied such symptoms.
   4. It is confirmed as one of Covid-19 symptoms.
7. Measured with a thermometer, how high is a Covid-9 fever?
   1. Less than 37.8 degree Celsius
   2. More than 37.8 degree Fahrenheit
   3. Less than 100 degree Fahrenheit
   4. More than 37.8 degree Celsius
8. The following parts of our body would feel hot during Covid-19 fever, EXCEPT ....
   1. chest
   2. back
   3. head
   4. nose
9. What should you NOT do if you have one of the Covid-19 symptoms?
   1. Stay at home for seven days
   2. Live abroad with your family
   3. Isolate the house for two weeks
   4. Contact local healthcare provider
10. What is the main purpose of the video?
    1. To educate people on the symptoms of a disease
    2. To inform people of how dangerous Covid-19 is
    3. To explain how to cure Corona virus disease
    4. To tell people how to prevent a dangerous disease

II. Vocabulary Quiz

Test your vocabulary power with the words and phrases used in the above video

1. What is the synonym of "symptom"?
   1. Phase
   2. Indication
   3. Medication
   4. Risk
2. The phrase "look out" in the sentence "The two main symptoms of Corona virus to look out for are ..." is closest in meaning to ....
   1. Beware
   2. Search
   3. Find
   4. See
3. The word "continuous" is similar in meaning to ....
   1. increasing
   2. ending
   3. interrupted
   4. constant
4. The word "common" in "... common cold ...." can be replaced by ....
   1. public
   2. normal
   3. new
   4. natural
5. What does the word "fever" mean?
   1. A rise in the temperature of the body
   2. The occurrence of cough and phlegm
   3. The shivering of the body during illness
   4. Body temperature measured with a thermometer
6. The word "lead to" in "... can also lead to breathing problems ...." means ....
   1. Show
   2. Prevent
   3. Cause
   4. Change
7. The word "advice" is closest in meaning to ....
   1. Invitation
   2. Alteration
   3. Regulation
   4. Recommendaton
8. The word "worse" in the video means ....
   1. More serious
   2. More likely
   3. More fatal
   4. More general
9. What is the synonym of "abroad"?
   1. Aboard
   2. Domestic
   3. International
   4. Overseas
10. The word "directions" is closest in meaning to ....
    1. Way
    2. Destination
    3. Guidance
    4. Method

Want to know your score? Do the exercise on one of the links below.

• If you are a student of SMKN 1 Probolinggo and wish to do this quiz as a school assignment, click HERE.
• If you would like to do the quiz but are not a student of SMKN 1 Probolinggo, click HERE.

Good luck, and stay home.
#stayhome ^{Video source: www.bbc.com
Wed 070611 1142 AM 462}

I. Apakah "Direct Speech" dan "Indirect Speech / Reported Speech"?

alam bahasa Inggris, untuk menceritakan kembali atau mengutip perkataan dan pemikiran seseorang, kita bisa melakukannya dengan 2 (dua) cara, yaitu:

1. Menggunakan kalimat langsung (direct speech), yaitu dengan mengulang atau menggunakan kata-kata aslinya dengan menggunakan tanda kutip (‘....’ atau “....”) dalam penulisannya. Contoh:
   • He said, “I have seen the movie before”.
   • I thought, “he needs to improve his English."
   • “The mission,” he stated, "will be difficult to accomplish.”
   • “I think so,” replied Tom.
2. Menggunakan kalimat tak langsung (indirect speech / reported speech), yaitu menyampaikan isi makna atau gagasan secara tepat tanpa menggunakan atau mengutip kata-kata aslinya. Contoh:
   • He said that he had seen the movie before.
   • I thought that he needed to improve his English.
   • He stated that the mission would be difficult to accomplish.
   Catatan: Kata-kata seperti "yes", "no", "well", serta kata seru dan question-tags, tidak bisa digunakan pada kalimat tak langsung (indirect speech / reported speech). Contoh:
   • “Yes, I think so,” he said. “It’s difficult, isn’t it? (direct speech)
   • He agreed and said that it was difficult. (indirect speech / reported speech)

II. Bagaimana cara mengubah "Direct Speech" menjadi "Indirect Speech / Reported Speech"?

Untuk mengubah "direct speech" menjadi "indirect speech / reported speech", ada beberapa perubahan atau penyesuaian yang harus dilakukan, terutama jika kata kerja untuk melaporkan (reporting verb) ada dalam bentuk lampau (past), contoh; "said", "wondered", "thought", "told", dll). Agar lebih mudah dipelajari, berikut ini contoh-contoh perubahan kalimat langsung (direct speech) menjadi kalimat tak langsung (indirect speech / reported speech) yang disajikan dalam tabel.

2.A. Kalimat pernyataan (positive & negative statement)

DIRECT SPEECH	INDIRECT / REPORTED SPEECH
SIMPLE PRESENT “I never travel by train,” he explained.	SIMPLE PAST He explained that he never traveled by train.
PRESENT CONTINUOUS “I’m cleaning my room,” she said.	PAST CONTINUOUS She said (that) she was cleaning her room.
PRESENT PERFECT “We have found a key,” they said.	PAST PERFECT They said (that) they had found a key.
PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS He said, “I’ve been working hard.”	PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS He said he had been working hard.
SIMPLE PAST ‘I took it home with me,’ she said.	PAST PERFECT She said she had taken it home with her.
PAST CONTINUOUS ‘When I saw her she was eating,’ he said. ‘I was doing my job,’ he said.	PAST CONTINUOUS He said (that) when he saw her she was eating. PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS He said (that) he had been doing his job.
FUTURE She said, ‘I will send it by email.”	CONDITIONAL She said she would send it by email.
FUTURE CONTINUOUS ‘I’ll be meeting him soon,’ she said.	CONDITIONAL CONTINUOUS She said she’d be meeting him soon.
CONDITIONAL I said, ‘I would like to see it.’	CONDITIONAL (No Change) I said (that) I would like to see it.

2. B. Kalimat tanya (question / interrogative)

DIRECT SPEECH	INDIRECT / REPORTED SPEECH
SIMPLE PRESENT “Where does she live?” he said.	SIMPLE PAST He asked where she lived.
PRESENT CONTINUOUS “Where is he going?” she said.	PAST CONTINUOUS She asked where he was going.
PRESENT PERFECT “Have you found a flat?” he said.	PAST PERFECT He asked if/whether I had found a flat.
PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS He said, “How long have you been waiting?”	PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS He asked how long I had been waiting.
SIMPLE PAST ‘Did you live in a house or a dorm?’ she asked.	PAST PERFECT She asked whether I’d lived in a house or a dorm.
PAST CONTINUOUS ‘Was she studying or not?’ he asked. ‘Were you joking about the price?’ he said.	PAST CONTINUOUS He asked whether or not she was studying. He asked whether she was studying or not. PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS He asked if I had been joking about the price.
FUTURE He asked, ‘If you pass will you move to Bali?”	CONDITIONAL He asked whether, if I passed, I’d move to Bali.
FUTURE CONTINUOUS ‘Will you be using it on the 7th?’ she asked.	CONDITIONAL CONTINUOUS She asked if I would be using it on the 7th.
CONDITIONAL He said, ‘Would she accept it?’	CONDITIONAL (No Change) He asked if she would accept it.

2. C. Kalimat permintaan / perintah, penawaran, saran (request, offer, suggestion)

DIRECT SPEECH	INDIRECT / REPORTED SPEECH
Kalimat permintaan (request)
“Will/would you file these letters, please?” I said.	I asked/told him to file the letters.
“Could I see her, please?” he said.	He asked to see her.
He said, “Lie down, Tom.”	He asked Tom to lie down.
“Don’t swim out too far, boys,” I said.	I warned/told the boys not to swim out too far.
‘Don’t be late,’ said the teacher.	The teacher asked not to be late.
Kalimat penawaran (offer)
“Would you like a lift?” said Ann.	Ann offered me a lift.
Nasehat / saran (suggestion / advice)
‘Let’s leave the case here,’ he said.	He suggested leaving the case there. He suggested that they leave the case there. (US) He suggested that they should leave the case there. (GB)

Ubahlah kalimat-kalimat langsung (direct speech) berikut ini menjadi kalimat tak langsung (indirect speech / reported speech).

1. He said, "I want to go home."
2. "I have finished the report," Jim said.
3. Mary asked me, "Can you speak Spanish?"
4. I told him, "Please show me your ID card."
5. She said, "I am making a new dress."
6. "Where did you find the information?" I asked her.
7. He told her, "Please finish the story."
8. "Can you find the documents?" she asked.
9. Dad said, "You should knock at the door before coming in."
10. "Don't shout!" said the teacher.
11. "Do you remember the number?" the policeman asked.
12. She said, "Would you like some coffee?"
13. "Do you play badminton?" he asked her.
14. He said, "I don't intend to go to town today."
15. "Don't use too much paint on the front gate," he said.
16. "Let's wash these clothes," they said.
17. "Where did the accident happen?" she asked him.
18. She asked the gardener, "How often do you water the flowers?"
19. The teacher said, "We will announce the exam result soon."
20. He explained, "They are going to discuss the proposal at the next meeting."

^{English Crossword Puzzle, 082011 11.23 PM 5296}

A. Read and practice this dialogue.

Hadi:	Hello, Margaret!
Margaret:	Hello, Hadi! You don't seem very happy today. What's the matter?
Hadi:	I don't feel very happy.
Margaret:	Why don't you feel happy?
Hadi:	Because I'm thinking of my exam tomorrow.
Margaret:	Oh! Don't you like exams?
Hadi:	No, I don't.
Margaret:	Do you think you will pass?
Hadi:	Well, I want to pass, of course, but I think I will fail.
Margaret:	Oh no, Hadi! You always work very hard, and I'm sure you know your work very well.
Hadi:	But I don't, Margaret! I don't remember it now!
Margaret:	Well, perhaps you will remember it tomorrow.
Hadi:	Yes, perhaps.
Margaret:	What does your exam consist of, Hadi?
Hadi:	It consists of a written paper, and an oral exam.
Margaret:	Well, good luck to you!
Hadi:	Thank you, Margaret.
	The following day, Margaret meets Hadi after his exam.
Margaret:	Hello, Hadi!
Hadi:	Hello, Margaret!
Margaret:	Well! You seem different today. You seem happy again.
Hadi:	Oh yes, Margaret. I feel very happy!
Margaret:	The exam - ?
Hadi:	Oh, I think that perhaps I will pass.
Margaret:	That's wonderful, Hadi!
Hadi:	Margaret, your exam is this afternoon. How do you feel? Do you feel confident?
Margaret:	No, I don't.
Hadi:	Oh, I don't believe you, Margaret! I feel that you will pass.
Margaret:	I hope so, Hadi.
Hadi:	Well, good luck, Margaret!
Margaret:	Thank you!

(Adapted from: Radio Australia: English For You, Lesson no. 14)

1. What is the topic of the above conversation?
2. Where does the conversation probably take place?
3. What is the most probable relationship between the speakers?
4. At first, how does Hadi feel about his exam? Why?
5. What does Margaret say about it? Why?
6. How does Hadi seem on the following day? Why?
7. How does Margaret feel about her exam?
8. What does Hadi say about it?
9. Please rewrite the sentences that express doubt or uncertainty.
10. Please rewrite the sentences that express confidence and hope.
11. In Simple Present Tense: Form, Uses, & Exercise, we have learnt about the verbs that cannot be used in continuous tenses. Can you find them in the above dialogue? Please rewrite them.

^{072211 06:57 PM 2316}

Simple Present tense, ada juga yang menyebutnya Present Simple tense, adalah bentuk kata kerja yang sangat sering digunakan dalam bahasa Inggris di samping Simple Past tense. Simple Present tense digunakan untuk membicarakan kejadian-kejadian yang terjadi sebagai rutinitas, fakta yang umum, sampai dengan kata kerja yang berkaitan dengan perasaan, panca indera, dll. Selengkapnya, mari kita pelajari semuanya di sini, baik tentang bentuk hingga penggunaan Simple Present tense.

1. Bagaimana bentuk kata kerja "Simple Present Tense"?

da beberapa hal yang harus diingat tentang kalimat dengan bentuk "Simple Present Tense", apakah itu kalimat dengan kata kerja utama (main verb) atau dengan kata kerja (verb) "be". Untuk lebih jelasnya, perhatikan contoh-contoh kalimat dalam tabel di bawah ini.

Simple Present dengan main verb

Affirmative	Negative	Interrogative	Negative interrogative
I work	I do not work I don't work	do I work?	do I not work? don't I work?
we work	we do not work we don't work	do we work?	do we not work? don't we work?
you work	you do not work you don't work	do you work?	do you not work? don't you work?
they work	they do not work they don't work	do they work?	do they not work? don't they work?
he works	he does not work he doesn't work	does he work?	does he not work? doesn't he work?
she works	she does not work she doesn't work	does she work?	does she not work? doesn't she work?
it works	it does not work it doesn't work	does it work?	does it not work? doesn't it work?

Simple Present dengan kata kerja (verb) "be"

Affirmative	Negative	Interrogative	Negative interrogative
I am tall	I am not tall	am I tall?	am I not tall?
we are tall	we are not tall we aren't tall	are we tall?	are we not tall? aren't we tall?
you are tall	you are not tall you aren't tall	are you tall?	are you not tall? aren't you tall?
they are tall	they are not tall they aren't tall	are they tall?	are they not tall? aren't they tall?
he is tall	he is not tall he isn't tall	is he tall?	is he not tall? isn't he tall?
she is tall	she is not tall she isn't tall	is she tall?	is she not tall? isn't she tall?
it is tall	it is not tall it isn't tall	is it tall?	is it not tall? isn't it tall?

2. Kapan harus menggunakan "Simple Present Tense"?

Penggunaan simple present tense yang paling utama adalah untuk:

1. Membicarakan rutinitas/kebiasaan di masa sekarang. Karena itu, simple present tense seringkali digunakan bersama kata keterangan (adverbs) atau frasa keterangan (adverb phrase) seperti: always, never, occasionally, often, sometimes, usually, every day, every week, on Mondays, twice a year dll, atau dengan anak kalimat yang berfungsi sebagai keterangan waktu (time clause) biasanya didahului dengan "whenever" atau "when".
   Contoh:
   • Ida practices English every day.
   • He doesn't smoke.
   • She works in a bank.
   • How often do you wash your hair?
   • Whenever it rains the roof leaks.
   Kalimat-kalimat contoh di atas tidak membicarakan kegiatan yang sedang dilakukan, melainkan hal-hal yang terjadi setiap saat dan menjadi rutinitas / kebiasaan.
2. Membicarakan fakta atau kejadian yang umum.
   Contoh:
   • Cows eat grass.
   • The sun rises in the east.
   • A day consists of twenty four hours.
   Kalimat-kalimat contoh di atas membicarakan hal-hal yang bersifat umum atau fakta yang diakui kebenarannya oleh semua orang.
3. Dengan kata kerja (verb) be, simple present tense juga dapat membicarakan keadaan sekarang, maupun kondisi umum.
   Contoh:
   • Reza is not at home.
   • You are right.
   • I am happy.
   • Gold is expensive.
   • The ocean is deep.
4. Dengan kata kerja yang tidak dapat digunakan dalam bentuk continuous, yaitu:
   1. Kata kerja yang berkaitan dengan panca indera
      Misal: feel, hear, see, smell, look, taste.
      Contoh:
      • This food tastes delicious.
      • You look gorgeous in that red dress.
      • Do you hear that noise?
   2. Kata kerja tentang perasaan,
      Misal: admire, adore, appreciate, care for, desire, detest, dislike, fear, hate, like, loathe, love, mind, respect, value, want, wish.
      Contoh:
      • I always admire Balinese dances.
      • Do you mind if I use your phone?
      • I don't want to be late for work on my first day at the office.
   3. Kata kerja tentang aktifitas mental,
      Misal: agree, appreciate, assume, believe, expect, feel, forget, know, mean, perceive, realize, recall, recognize, recollect, remember, suppose, think, trust, understand.
      Contoh:
      • I agree with you.
      • Do you know what I think about this food?
      • I don't understand what you mean.
   4. Kata kerja tentang kepemilikan,
      Misal: belong, owe, own, possess.
      Contoh:
      • How much do I owe you?
      • The book belongs to me. It's mine.
   5. Kata kerja yang berfungsi hampir sama dengan kata kerja bantu (auxilliary),
      Misal: appear, concern, consist, contain, hold (= contain) keep (= continue), matter, seem, signify, sound.
      Contoh:
      • It doesn't matter to me.
      • That box contains explosives.

Selain penggunaan yang paling umum di atas, simple present tense juga bisa digunakan dalam beberapa kondisi lainnya seperti:

1. Dengan kata kerja "say", jika kita bertanya atau mengutip dari buku, rambu / tanda.
   Contoh:
   • What does that notice say?
     It says, 'No parking.'
   • What does the manual say?
     It says, 'Follow every steps in assembling the parts.'
   • Soekarno says, 'Give me 10 young men, I will shake the world.'
2. DIgunakan pada judul surat kabar (headline).
   Contoh:
   • COVID-19: INDONESIA EXPANDS BAN
   • GOVT REMOVES PRICE FLOOR FOR UNSUBSIDIZED FUELS
3. Dalam narasi drama, komentar olah raga, dll.
   Contoh:
   • When the curtain rises, Juliet is writing at her desk. Suddenly the window opens and a masked man enters.
4. Untuk rencana / jadwal perjalanan.
   Contoh:
   • We leave Surabaya at 7.00 next Tuesday and arrive in Mataram at 10.00. We spend a night in Mataram and leave for Gili Trawangan at 9.00 on Wednesday.
5. Dalam conditional sentence type 1.
   Contoh:
   • If I see Udin I'll tell him.
   • If you pull the handbrake the car won't move.
6. Dengan "why" dalam bentuk negative question untuk memberikan saran.
   Contoh:
   • Why don't we go out?
   • Why don't you talk to him about the problem?

I. Buatlah kalimat dalam Simple Present Tense bentuk affirmative, negative, dan question menggunakan subyek dan kata kerja yang telah disediakan. Lihatlah tabel Simple Present dengan action verb

1. He - like - Padang food.
   (+) Affirmative:
   (-) Negative:
   (?) Interrogative:
2. They - work - in the factory.
   (+) Affirmative:
   (-) Negative:
   (?) Interrogative:
3. The bus - leave - at seven fifteen.
   (+) Affirmative:
   (-) Negative:
   (?) Interrogative:
4. She - know - this place well.
   (+) Affirmative:
   (-) Negative:
   (?) Interrogative:
5. It - say - "No Parking".
   (+) Affirmative:
   (-) Negative:
   (?) Interrogative:

II. Lengkapilah kalimat-kalimat berikut dengan kata kerja di bawah ini. Sesuaikan bentuk kata kerja dengan subyek kalimat. Lihat contoh jawaban pada nomer 1.

---

---

1. Rani ... Japanese very well.
   Jawaban: Rani speaks Japanese very well.
2. The museum ... at 4 o’clock on Sundays.
3. The news program ... at five P.M. every day.
4. Koko and Adi ... to the same school.
5. The Olympic Games ... place every four years.
6. My parents ... in a small town.
7. They ... working at five PM every day.
8. Bad driving ... many accidents.
9. A notice at the end of the road ... people not to go any further.
10. As soon as he ... any money he will spend it.

III. Ubahlah kata kerja (verb) di dalam kurung ke dalam bentuk yang benar. Lihat contoh jawaban pada nomer 1.

1. Shella ... (not / drink)... coffee very often.
   Jawaban: Shella doesn’t drink coffee very often.
2. What time ...(the banks / close)... here?
3. I have a car, but I ...(not / use)... it much.
4. Where ...(the new teacher / come)... from?
5. ‘What ...(you / do)...?’ ~ ‘I’m an electrician.’
6. Look at this sentence. What ...(this word / mean)...?
7. David isn’t very fit. He ...(not / do)... any sport.
8. It ...(take)... me an hour to get to work in the morning. How long ...(it / take)... you?
9. ...(you / play)... football? ~ Yes, sometimes.
10. ...(you / work)... at night? ~ No, we ...(not)....

IV. Lengkapi kalimat-kalimat berikut dengan salah satu kata kerja di bawah ini. Bentuklah menjadi kalimat negatif jika perlu. Lihat contoh pada nomer 1 & 2.

---

---

1. The earth ... round the sun.
   Jawaban: The earth goes round the sun.
2. Rice ... in cold climates.
   Jawaban: Rice doesn’t grow in cold climates.
3. Bees ... honey.
4. Vegetarians ... meat.
5. An atheist ... in God.
6. An interpreter ... from one language into another.
7. Liars are people who ... the truth.
8. The River Amazon ... into the Atlantic Ocean.
9. He is a taxi driver. He ... a bus.
10. The restaurant is one of my favorites. It ... good food.

V. Lengkapilah kalimat-kalimat berikut ini dengan menggunakan kata-kata di bawah ini. Lihat contoh soal nomer 1.

---

---

1. Mr Evans is not in the office today. ... you try calling him tomorrow.
   Mr Evans is not in the office today. I suggest you try calling him tomorrow.
2. I won’t tell anybody what you said. ....
3. You must let me enter the room. ....
4. ... for what I said. I shouldn’t have said it.
5. The new restaurant in Baker Street is very good. ... it.
6. I think you’re absolutely right. ... with you.

Reference:

• Thomson & Martinet. A Practical English Grammar (4th Ed). Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1986.
• Murphy, Raymond. English Grammar in Use, Fourth Edition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2012.

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