Perbedaan "Used To" Dan "Be Used To"

entuk kata kerja "Used to + Infinitive" dan "be used to + noun/gerund" dalam bahasa Inggris sangat sering disalah-artikan. Keduanya dianggap sama dengan kata kerja "use" yang berarti "memakai", "menggunakan", atau "memanfaatkan". Padahal ketiganya sangat berbeda, tidak saja dari segi bentuk, tapi juga yang terpenting makna dan penggunaannya. Untuk lebih jelasnya, mari kita pelajari di sini mulai dari bentuk hingga makna dan penggunaannya.

1. Bentuk "Used To" dan "Be Used To"

Used to + Infinitive (Verb 1)	Be/Get Used to + Noun/Pronoun/Gerund
Kalimat positif/afirmatif: She used to live in Tokyo.	Kalimat positif/afirmatif: She is used to living in a big city. She gets used to living in a big city.
Kalimat negatif: She did not (didn't) use to live in Tokyo. atau She used not (usedn't) to live in Tokyo.	Kalimat negatif: She is not (isn't) used to living in a big city. She does not (doesn't) get used to living in a big city.
Kalimat tanya/Interogatif: Did she use to live in Tokyo? Used she to live in Tokyo?	Kalimat tanya/Interogatif: Is she used to living in a big city? Does she get used to living in a big city?

2. Penggunaan "Used To" dan "Be Used To"

Used + to Infinitive (Verb 1)	Be/Get Used to + Noun/Pronoun/Gerund
"Used to" berfungsi sebagai verb (kata kerja), seperti modals, diikuti oleh Infinitive (verb 1)	"Be used to" berfungsi sebagai adjective (kata sifat), didahului oleh "be/get/become", lalu diikuti Noun/Pronoun/Gerund.
"Used to" adalah bentuk lampau, tidak memiliki bentuk "present" (sekarang).	"Be", "Get", atau "Become" bisa dalam tense (bentuk waktu) apapun, past, present, atau future.
"Used to" digunakan untuk membicarakan kebiasaan lampau atau situasi lampau yang sudah tidak dilakukan lagi sekarang, dan berbeda dengan kebiasaan atau kondisi sekarang. Contoh: She used to live in Tokyo; now she lives in Osaka. He used to dislike spicy food but he quite likes it now. "Used to" bisa memiliki kesamaan dengan "would", untuk membicarakan kebiasaan/situasi lampau, tanpa membandingkan dengan kebiasaan/kondisi sekarang. Contoh kalimat: When I was a little boy, I used to play traditional games with my friends. After school, we used to spend our afternoon playing kites near a rice field.	Sebagai kata sifat (adjective), used to bermakna 'terbiasa' atau 'accustomed'. Contoh kalimat: I am used to noise. I am used to working in a noisy room. You will soon get used to automatic transmission. You will soon get used to driving with automatic transmission. They soon got used to the traffic regulations. They soon got used to driving on the left.

3. Contoh kalimat yang menggunakan "Used to" dan "Be used to"

• I used to drink a lot of cold drinks; now I prefer warm pure water.
• Every morning Andi used to say goodbye to his mother before leaving for school.
• Her mother used to stand at the door and wave goodbye.
• In the afternoon she used to welcome him home and ask him about his day.
• I am used to cold weather. I used to live in a snowy country before, so the cold doesn't bother me at all.
• I'm used to eating rice for my meals, so I find these lunches rather unsatisfying.
• Sari doesn’t travel much these days. She prefers to stay at home. But she used to travel a lot. She used to go away two or three times a year.
• I used to play table tennis a lot, but I don’t play very much now.
• I bought some new shoes..They felt a little strange at first because I wasn’t used to them.
• I wouldn’t like to share a room. I’m used to living alone.

I. Lengkapi kalimat-kalimat berikut dengan "used to + verb (kata kerja)" yang sesuai. Lihat contoh nomer 1.

1. Hari ...(travel)... a lot, but he doesn’t go away much these days.
   Hari used to travel a lot, but he doesn’t go away much these days.
2. Sophie ...(ride)... a motorbike, but last year she sold it and bought a car.
3. Our friends moved to Malang a few years ago. They ...(live)... in Probolinggo.
4. Before the existence of internet, people ...(send)... letters by mail.
5. I rarely eat ice cream now, but I ...(eat)... it when I was a child.

II. Lengkapi kalimat-kalimat berikut dengan "be/get used to + verb (kata kerja)" yang sesuai. Lihat contoh nomer 1.

1. I’m not lonely. I don’t need other people. I ...(be)... on my own.
   I’m not lonely. I don’t need other people. I am used to being on my own.
2. I don’t feel good. I stayed up until 3 am. I ...(not - go)... to bed so late.
3. If you work as a receptionist, you’ll have to ...(meet)... new people.
4. My feet hurt. I can’t go any further. I ...(not - walk)... so far.
5. I like this part of town. I’ve been here a long time, so I ...(be)... here.

III. Pilihlah jawaban yang paling tepat, "used to" atau "be/get used to".

1. This building is now abandoned. It ... be a cinema.
   1. was used to
   2. used to
2. I ... living alone. It’s not a problem for me because I’ve lived alone for some time.
   1. am used to
   2. used to
3. I ... think Mark was unfriendly, but now I realise he’s a very nice person.
   1. used to
   2. was used to
4. I’ve started drinking coffee recently. I never ... like it before.
   1. got used to
   2. used to
5. Lisa ... have very long hair when she was a child.
   1. was used to
   2. used to
6. Susan ... spend a lot of money on clothes. These days she can’t afford it.
   1. was used to
   2. used to
7. We ... live in a small village, but now we live in a city.
   1. was used to
   2. used to
8. There ... be four cinemas in the town. Now there is only one.
   1. was used to
   2. used to
9. Gita: "Do you go to the cinema much?"
   Iva: "Not now, but I ...."
   1. was used to
   2. used to
10. ... eat a lot of sweets when you were a child?
    1. Did you get used to
    2. Did you use to

IV. Lengkapi kalimat-kalimat berikut dengan bentuk "used to + infinitive" atau "be/get used to + noun/pronoun/gerund"

1. Our new apartment is on a busy street. It’s very disturbing because we ...(not - live) ... in a noisy environment.
2. It only takes me about 40 minutes to get to work now that the new highway is open. It ...(take)... more than an hour.
3. Sarah is a nurse. A year ago she started working nights. At first it was hard for her as she ...(not - work)... nights.
4. There ...(be)... a hotel near the airport, but it closed a long time ago.
5. I ...(work)... in a factory. I decided to quit because I wanted to be a teacher.
6. Lisa comes from the United States. When she first drove a car in Indonesia, driving was a problem for her because she ...(not - drive)... on the left.
7. Friend: Wouldn’t you prefer to sleep in a bed?
   You: No, it's OK. I ...(sleep)... on the floor. It's my habit.
8. There was a river near my house where I ...(go)... fishing with my Dad when I was a child.
9. What games ...(you - play)... when you were a child?
10. Jack has to drive two hours to work every morning. Many years ago, when he first had to do this, it was hard for him and he didn’t like it because he ...(not - drive)... that long every morning.
11. In your last job, how many hours a day ...(you - spend)... to work?
12. Dani moved from a big house to a much smaller one. He found it strange at first. He had to ...(live)... in a much smaller house.
13. I ...(run)... ten kilometers, but I can’t run that far now.
14. These days I eat more than before. I ...(not - eat)... much.
15. Helen has a new job. She has to get up much earlier now than before. She finds this difficult because she ...(not - get)... up so early.

Reference:

• Raymond Murphy. English Grammar in Use (5th Edition). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2019
• Thomson & Martinet. A Practical English Grammar (4th Ed). Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1986

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