Bentuk-bentuk Comparison
Ada 3 (tiga) bentuk comparison dalam bahasa Inggris, yaitu positive/equivalence, comparative, dan superlative. Bentuk-bentuk kata sifat (adjective) dan kata keterangan (adverb) yang beraturan dalam kalimat comparative dan superlative adalah sebagai berikut:- Kata-kata bersuku kata tunggal diberi akhiran "–er" dan "–est".
- Kata-kata dengan dua atau lebih suku kata didahului oleh "more" dan "most".
- Kata-kata dengan dua suku kata dan berakhir dengan "–y" atau "–ly", "-ow", "-le" dan "–er" diberi akhiran "–er" dan "–est".
- Kata-kata lainnya dengan dua suku kata kebanyakan diawali dengan "more" dan "most".
- Beberapa kata dengan dua suku kata bisa berakhiran "-er", "-est" atau di dahului "more", "most".
- Kata keterangan (adverb) berakhiran –ly didahului oleh "more" dan "most".
- Beberapa kata sifat (adjective) dan kata keterangan (adverb) memiliki bentuk comparative dan superlative tidak beraturan (irregular).
Positive | Comparative | Superlative |
---|---|---|
new old big soon late | newer older bigger sooner later | newest oldest biggest soonest latest |
Positive | Comparative | Superlative |
---|---|---|
interesting convenient beautiful easily carefully | more interesting more convenient more beautiful more easily more carefully | most interesting most convenient most beautiful most easily most carefully |
Positive | Comparative | Superlative |
---|---|---|
tiny speedy early friendly shallow narrow clever | tinier speedier earlier friendlier shallower narrower cleverer | tiniest speediest earliest friendliest shallowest narrowest cleverest |
Positive | Comparative | Superlative |
---|---|---|
careful careless boring awful complex | more careful more careless more boring more awful more complex | most careful most careless most boring most awful most complex |
Positive | Comparative | Superlative |
---|---|---|
common gentle quiet | commoner/more common gentler/more gentle quieter/more quiet | commonest/most common gentlest/most gentle quietest/most quiet |
Positive | Comparative | Superlative |
---|---|---|
quickly slowly badly | more quickly more slowly more badly | most quickly most slowly most badly |
Positive | Comparative | Superlative |
---|---|---|
bad far good many badly far little much well | worse farther/further better more worse farther/further less more better | worst farthest/furthest best most worst farthest/furthest least most best |
Penggunaan Bentuk Perbandingan (Comparison)
- Equivalence atau positive:
Bentuk perbandingan positive digunakan untuk mengungkapkan atau menggambarkan kesetaraan, atau tingkatan yang sama atau serupa dalam hal kualitas, tingkatan, jumlah, atau perkiraan antara dua benda atau orang.
Contoh:- Here, the term ‘processor’ is equivalent to the central processing unit.
- Fatin has become as famous as Agnes Monica.
- Some companies have as many computers as employees.
- Some companies use both computers and conventional filing systems for storing data.
- A computer virus is like a virus in the human body. It can do a lot of damage.
- Many chat engine softwares are similar in that they share certain common functions.
- Non-equivalence atau Comparative:
Bentuk comparative digunakan untuk membandingkan atau menggambarkan ketidak-samaan dalam hal kualitas, tingkatan, jumlah, atau perkiraan antara dua benda atau orang.
Contoh:- American cars are usually larger and more expensive than Japanese cars.
- Learning to use a computer is not as difficult as learning to program.
- Riding a motorcycle is not the same as driving a car.
- A notebook costs less than a lap top.
- Unlike factory-sealed software, pirated versions may contain viruses.
- You can save money with a network because you will need fewer printers.
- The highest degree atau superlative:
Bentuk superlative digunakan untuk membandingkan suatu benda atau seseorang yang memiliki kualitas, tingkatan, jumlah, atau perkiraan tertinggi atau terendah dengan sekelompok benda atau orang lainnya.
Contoh:- This is the most popular type on the market today.
- For me, English is the least difficult language to learn.
- The best programs are those adapted specifically to your own needs.
- Parallel increase:
Bentuk parallel increase adalah dua bentuk comparative yang digunakan untuk mengungkapkan atau menggambarkan dua perubahan kualitas, tingkatan, jumlah, atau perkiraan yang terjadi secara paralel.
Contoh:- The more memory your computer has, the more data it can store.
- The bigger your computer system, the less time you spend waiting.
- The more training you give to your employees, the better they will perform.